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      為健全(quan)和(he)完善金融租賃公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)業(ye)(ye)務監管規制，規范金融租賃公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)以(yi)項目(mu)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)形式開展融資租賃業(ye)(ye)務，強化(hua)風(feng)險防范，促進業(ye)(ye)務持(chi)續穩健發展，近日，中(zhong)國銀保監會發布《金融租賃公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)項目(mu)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)管理(li)辦法(fa)》（以(yi)下(xia)簡稱(cheng)《辦法(fa)》），自印發之日起施行。

      《辦(ban)法》共五章(zhang)，三十(shi)四條，主要(yao)(yao)內(nei)(nei)容包括：一是明(ming)(ming)確《辦(ban)法》的法律(lv)依據(ju)、項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)定義(yi)及(ji)通(tong)過項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)開(kai)展融(rong)資租(zu)賃(lin)(lin)交易(yi)(yi)的租(zu)賃(lin)(lin)物(wu)范圍。金(jin)融(rong)租(zu)賃(lin)(lin)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)、金(jin)融(rong)租(zu)賃(lin)(lin)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)子(zi)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)（以下(xia)簡稱專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)子(zi)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)）依照相關(guan)法律(lv)法規設(she)(she)立(li)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)開(kai)展融(rong)資租(zu)賃(lin)(lin)業(ye)務(wu)適用《辦(ban)法》。二是明(ming)(ming)確項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)設(she)(she)立(li)地(di)點、設(she)(she)立(li)資格條件、設(she)(she)立(li)原則及(ji)業(ye)務(wu)范圍。其中，項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)境(jing)(jing)內(nei)(nei)設(she)(she)立(li)地(di)點為境(jing)(jing)內(nei)(nei)保(bao)稅地(di)區、自由貿易(yi)(yi)試驗(yan)區、自由貿易(yi)(yi)港(gang)等境(jing)(jing)內(nei)(nei)區域。三是要(yao)(yao)求金(jin)融(rong)租(zu)賃(lin)(lin)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)、專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)子(zi)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)遵循并(bing)表管(guan)理(li)(li)原則、穿透管(guan)理(li)(li)原則管(guan)理(li)(li)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)，建(jian)立(li)健全(quan)管(guan)理(li)(li)制度及(ji)機制，實施全(quan)面風險(xian)管(guan)理(li)(li)。四是加強風險(xian)管(guan)理(li)(li)，明(ming)(ming)確項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)對應關(guan)系(xi)、股(gu)權轉受讓(rang)、清算關(guan)閉、境(jing)(jing)外管(guan)理(li)(li)型項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)職能、層級(ji)等具(ju)體要(yao)(yao)求。五是明(ming)(ming)確銀行保(bao)險(xian)監(jian)督管(guan)理(li)(li)機構的監(jian)管(guan)責任，事項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)報告、監(jian)管(guan)指標(biao)、報表報送等監(jian)管(guan)要(yao)(yao)求，并(bing)可針對存(cun)在的問題和風險(xian)依據(ju)現行有(you)關(guan)法律(lv)法規采取(qu)監(jian)管(guan)措施或(huo)實施處罰(fa)。

      下一步(bu)，銀保監會將(jiang)持續(xu)強(qiang)化(hua)監管，指導金融租賃公司(si)、專(zhuan)(zhuan)業子公司(si)做(zuo)好《辦法》的貫徹落實(shi)，充分發揮特色(se)功能，做(zuo)精專(zhuan)(zhuan)業、強(qiang)化(hua)服務(wu)，助力航空航運等產業發展，支持境內保稅(shui)地區(qu)、自由貿(mao)易試驗區(qu)、自由貿(mao)易港建(jian)設，提高服務(wu)實(shi)體經濟(ji)效率和水平。

      中國銀保監(jian)會(hui)有關(guan)部門負責(ze)人(ren)就《金融租賃公(gong)司(si)項目公(gong)司(si)管理辦法(fa)》答(da)記者問

      為進一步健全和完善(shan)金(jin)融租賃公(gong)司(si)(si)業(ye)務監管(guan)(guan)規(gui)制(zhi)，規(gui)范金(jin)融租賃公(gong)司(si)(si)以項目公(gong)司(si)(si)形(xing)式開(kai)展(zhan)融資(zi)租賃業(ye)務，強化風險防范，促進業(ye)務持(chi)續穩健發展(zhan)，近(jin)日，中國銀(yin)保監會發布《金(jin)融租賃公(gong)司(si)(si)項目公(gong)司(si)(si)管(guan)(guan)理(li)辦法》（以下(xia)簡稱(cheng)《辦法》）。中國銀(yin)保監會有關(guan)部門負責人就相關(guan)問(wen)題回答了記(ji)者提問(wen)。

      一、制定《辦法》的背景(jing)是什(shen)么？

      以項(xiang)目公(gong)司(si)特定目的(de)載體(ti)形式開展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)飛機(ji)、船舶租(zu)賃業(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)，是租(zu)賃行業(ye)(ye)的(de)國(guo)際慣例和通(tong)行做法。2010年,原銀監會出(chu)臺了(le)《關(guan)于金融(rong)(rong)租(zu)賃公(gong)司(si)在境內保稅地區(qu)設立(li)項(xiang)目公(gong)司(si)開展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)融(rong)(rong)資租(zu)賃業(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)有關(guan)問題的(de)通(tong)知》（銀監發(fa)〔2010〕2號），為我國(guo)金融(rong)(rong)租(zu)賃公(gong)司(si)在境內保稅地區(qu)積極探(tan)索航空、航運相關(guan)租(zu)賃業(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)專業(ye)(ye)化發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)奠定了(le)基礎。

      隨(sui)著國內外經(jing)濟金融(rong)形(xing)勢的不斷變化和(he)(he)(he)業務(wu)探索的不斷深入(ru)，金融(rong)租賃公司以項目公司形(xing)式(shi)開展(zhan)(zhan)融(rong)資(zi)租賃業務(wu)的市場(chang)基礎不斷完善(shan)，業務(wu)規(gui)模不斷增(zeng)長的同(tong)時(shi)管理難(nan)度也日益增(zeng)加。為進一(yi)步鼓勵和(he)(he)(he)支持金融(rong)租賃行業提(ti)高(gao)服務(wu)實體經(jing)濟的能(neng)力(li)和(he)(he)(he)水平，圍繞國家重(zhong)大戰(zhan)略高(gao)質(zhi)量發展(zhan)(zhan)，同(tong)時(shi)增(zeng)強風(feng)(feng)險管理效(xiao)(xiao)果，提(ti)升風(feng)(feng)險監(jian)管工作質(zhi)效(xiao)(xiao)，銀(yin)保監(jian)會制定并發布《辦(ban)法》。

      二、《辦(ban)法》主要內容(rong)包括(kuo)哪(na)些?

      《辦(ban)法(fa)(fa)》共五(wu)章(zhang)，三十四(si)條，主要(yao)內(nei)容包括：一是(shi)(shi)明(ming)(ming)(ming)確《辦(ban)法(fa)(fa)》的(de)法(fa)(fa)律依據、項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)定(ding)義及通過(guo)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)開展融(rong)(rong)資(zi)租(zu)(zu)賃(lin)(lin)交易的(de)租(zu)(zu)賃(lin)(lin)物(wu)范(fan)圍。金融(rong)(rong)租(zu)(zu)賃(lin)(lin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、金融(rong)(rong)租(zu)(zu)賃(lin)(lin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)專業(ye)子公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)（以下簡稱專業(ye)子公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)）依照(zhao)相關(guan)法(fa)(fa)律法(fa)(fa)規設立項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)開展融(rong)(rong)資(zi)租(zu)(zu)賃(lin)(lin)業(ye)務適用(yong)《辦(ban)法(fa)(fa)》。二是(shi)(shi)明(ming)(ming)(ming)確項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)設立地點(dian)、設立資(zi)格條件、設立原(yuan)則(ze)及業(ye)務范(fan)圍。三是(shi)(shi)要(yao)求金融(rong)(rong)租(zu)(zu)賃(lin)(lin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、專業(ye)子公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)遵循并表(biao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理原(yuan)則(ze)、穿(chuan)透管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理原(yuan)則(ze)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)，建立健(jian)全管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理制度(du)及機制，實(shi)施全面(mian)風(feng)險(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理。四(si)是(shi)(shi)加強風(feng)險(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理，明(ming)(ming)(ming)確項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)對(dui)應關(guan)系、股權轉受(shou)讓、清算關(guan)閉(bi)、境(jing)外管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理型項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)職能、層級等具體要(yao)求。五(wu)是(shi)(shi)明(ming)(ming)(ming)確銀(yin)行保(bao)險(xian)監督管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理機構的(de)監管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)責任，事項(xiang)(xiang)報告、監管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)指標(biao)、報表(biao)報送等監管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)要(yao)求，并可針對(dui)存在的(de)問題(ti)和(he)風(feng)險(xian)依據現行有關(guan)法(fa)(fa)律法(fa)(fa)規采取監管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)措施或實(shi)施處罰。

      三、金融租賃公司可(ke)以(yi)在境內哪些區域設立(li)項(xiang)目(mu)公司開展融資(zi)租賃業務？

      為加大(da)自(zi)由(you)貿易試驗(yan)區(qu)、自(zi)由(you)貿易港(gang)配套金(jin)融(rong)服務(wu)支持力度，金(jin)融(rong)租賃公司(si)取得在境內保(bao)稅地(di)區(qu)設立(li)項(xiang)目公司(si)開(kai)展融(rong)資租賃業務(wu)資格后(hou)，可以在境內保(bao)稅地(di)區(qu)、自(zi)由(you)貿易試驗(yan)區(qu)、自(zi)由(you)貿易港(gang)等(deng)境內區(qu)域(yu)設立(li)項(xiang)目公司(si)開(kai)展融(rong)資租賃業務(wu)。

      四、金融租賃(lin)公司設立項目公司開(kai)展融資租賃(lin)交易的租賃(lin)物(wu)都有哪些？

      為(wei)契合境(jing)內(nei)保稅(shui)地區(qu)、自由貿易試驗區(qu)、自由貿易港(gang)等(deng)(deng)境(jing)內(nei)區(qu)域核心功能需要，并支持“一帶一路”、“走出去”等(deng)(deng)融資(zi)租賃(lin)(lin)需求(qiu)，金(jin)融租賃(lin)(lin)公(gong)司設立項目公(gong)司開展融資(zi)租賃(lin)(lin)交易的租賃(lin)(lin)物包(bao)括飛機(ji)(ji)（含發動機(ji)(ji)）、船舶、集裝箱、海洋工程(cheng)結構物、工程(cheng)機(ji)(ji)械、車輛等(deng)(deng)。

      五、《辦法(fa)》在增強(qiang)項目公司風險管(guan)理實(shi)施(shi)效(xiao)果方面(mian)有(you)哪些安排？

      一是(shi)全面(mian)規范(fan)金(jin)融租賃公(gong)(gong)司(si)、專業子(zi)公(gong)(gong)司(si)通(tong)過項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)公(gong)(gong)司(si)形式開(kai)展的(de)融資(zi)租賃業務，明確了專業子(zi)公(gong)(gong)司(si)境外項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)公(gong)(gong)司(si)的(de)相關監管(guan)(guan)要(yao)求。二是(shi)強化(hua)業務穿透(tou)管(guan)(guan)理(li)和(he)全面(mian)風險(xian)管(guan)(guan)理(li)要(yao)求，強調金(jin)融租賃公(gong)(gong)司(si)、專業子(zi)公(gong)(gong)司(si)通(tong)過項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)公(gong)(gong)司(si)開(kai)展的(de)融資(zi)租賃業務應(ying)當適用不低于直接(jie)開(kai)展業務的(de)風險(xian)管(guan)(guan)理(li)要(yao)求并納入全面(mian)風險(xian)管(guan)(guan)理(li)體系(xi)。三是(shi)從(cong)優化(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)公(gong)(gong)司(si)對(dui)應(ying)關系(xi)、層(ceng)級設置(zhi)等方(fang)面(mian)促進增強內生管(guan)(guan)理(li)動力，積極防范(fan)風險(xian)。